Quick answer: do these numbers still hold up
Yes. CDC's current risk-estimation tool confirms receptive partners face a higher per-act HIV risk than insertive partners. Both roles can lower risk with condoms, PrEP, and U=U (undetectable = untransmittable) for partners living with HIV who take treatment consistently.
Having sex without protection using a condom is risky. But anal sex is riskier than vaginal sex because the condom is more fragile and easier to tear. But in the case of such an event, the offensive or the defensive, which side will be more at risk of contracting HIV?
Anal sex is considered the riskiest channel for HIV infection after blood transfusions. But how big or small is this risk? It depends on whether you are the proactive or defensive party in that activity.
A study by the US National Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention - CDC) found that when comparing the estimated risk of HIV infection from each exposure. In receiving 1 unit of blood, the defensive side has a 1-30% chance, while the offensive side has a 0.1-10% chance. In summary, Defenders are at greater risk of contracting HIV than attackers.
In addition to HIV infection, there are other sexually transmitted diseases. There is much more that everyone should be careful of. Therefore, wearing a condom every time you have sex is something that everyone should do. As we all know, PrEP is available to take before a high-risk relationship. This will help reduce the chance of contracting HIV. PEP is an emergency medicine used for those at risk after having sex. However, Not all prevention is 100% effective. Read about PrEP and PEP. How are they different? Who should take it? Click
Who is more at risk?
A study by the US National Centers for Disease Control and Prevention found that those on the receiving end are more at risk of contracting HIV becauseThe skin in the anus is more sensitive than the skin on the penis. Friction that occurs without condom protection makes the receiving party more likely to be injured. Including the risk of infection is higher
for anal sex. People with on the receiving side have a 1.38% risk of HIV infection.According to statistics, anal sex with a person who is HIV positive is the recipient. This causes a chance of being infected with HIV 138 times out of every 10,000 times, or approximately 1.38%
, while having anal sex for those who are has a lower risk of HIV infection. 0.11% According to statistics, there is a chance of being infected with HIV 11 times out of every 10,000, or equal to 0.11%. It can be said that those who are proactive are at ten times less risk of infection than those who are receptive.
Non-sexual risks
Oral sex We are also warned to wear condoms. But we all know that Wearing a condom and performing oral sex on each other It's something that almost no one likes. and almost every pair Don't usually use condoms for oral sex. However, from the same study it was found that Oral sex also has a chance of contracting HIV. But few of the results of the study were in the "low" criteria.
The chance that someone will become infected with HIV from oral sex is very small. Both from conditions inside the human mouth where HIV cannot live. Overall, the thickness of the skin in the mouth and throat is thicker than that on the genitals. This makes the chance of HIV transmission through oral sex less likely. Whether it is the perpetrator or the perpetrator, however this activity often occurs in conjunction with other forms of sexual activity as well, making it difficult to measure whether the infected person contracted it from oral sex or from other sexual activities.
From the results of the same study, it was found that Biting, spitting, sharing sex toys Pouring liquids on the body, such as semen and saliva, has a chance of infection but is within the "very low" criteria because in general HIV does not exist in the saliva or mouth, so biting and spitting on Sharing sex toys Contact with the saliva of an infected person, including kissing, is not considered the main cause of HIV infection.
Just because someone has HIV does not always mean they can pass it on to others. Because if people with HIV take antiretroviral drugs regularly It will make it impossible to detect HIV. Also known asThe birth of the process U = U
, where the first U comes from the word Undetectable (meaning not detectable), while the second U comes from Untransmittable (meaning not transmitted) Therefore, U = U means When not detected (HIV) cannot transmit the infection to others.
Professor Emeritus Dr. Praphan Panupak Director of the AIDS Research Center, Thai Red Cross Society, said “...that people with HIV regularly take antiretroviral drugs. This will make them safer than people who have never had their blood tested and don't know their blood results. There is no reason for people in society to hate infected people. But everyone should be encouraged to go get a blood test..."
Those who want to know their own blood results can contact for free consultation and blood test for HIV each year. 2 times at any hospital under the National Health Insurance System By showing your ID card and can receive free antiretroviral treatment according to their rights For youth under the age of 18 year You can receive HIV counseling and testing services without having to ask for consent from your parents.
Summary
The sooner you know your blood results, the sooner you can receive medicine. and reduce other risks which may increase the risk of HIV transmission includes sexually transmitted diseases End-stage acute HIV infection with high viral load Factors that may reduce the risk of HIV infection include: Using condoms Circumcision of the penis Prevention by taking PrEP. However, do not forget thatsexually transmitted diseases are not limited to HIV alone. Because there are other diseases That can cause further damage to our health, such as gonorrhea, syphilis, etc.
Illustrations from the internet.
Some information from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)
and an interview from Professor Emeritus Dr. Praphan Panupak, Director of the AIDS Research Center, Thai Red Cross
Sources
Information updated 24 September 2026. General education only.